Which theory emphasizes the influence of early childhood experiences on adult behavior?

The correct answer is rooted in the concepts fundamental to psychodynamic theory, which was primarily developed by Sigmund Freud. This theory posits that early childhood experiences, particularly those related to family dynamics and parental relationships, significantly shape an individual's personality and behavior in adulthood. It suggests that unconscious motives and unresolved conflicts from early life can manifest in behaviors, thoughts, and emotional patterns later on.

In psychodynamic theory, such early experiences are believed to establish the template for how individuals perceive and react to situations throughout their lives. This foundational aspect of human development is critical in therapeutic settings where understanding a person's past is essential to addressing present issues. Overall, psychodynamic theory underscores the importance of exploring childhood memories and experiences in order to gain insight into adult psychological challenges.